Calluses & Corns

What are calluses & corns?

Calluses are caused by pressure in the foot, usually due to poorly fitting shoes. A callus is simply the thickening of the tissue. Our skin contains keratin, and most of the area, including the lesion, has a keratin network where excessive growth occurs due to pressure. It’s our body’s way of cushioning and protecting pressure spots.

Corns develop when a callus grows a mass of dead cells in its center. They tend to appear on top of and between toes. A hard corn is usually linked with toe deformities like hammertoes. These deformities generate pressure directed at toe joints that rub against closed-toe shoes, with the pinky toe being the most afflicted. Soft corns tend to develop between toes due to excessive rubbing of the bones against each other. The soft corn’s skin remains tender because of sweat’s moisture.

What causes calluses & corns?

Many causes can lead to the formation of calluses and corns. Some of the most common causes include:

• Poorly fitting shoes
• Bony protrusions on the side of a toe
• Having bad posture while walking
• Running or walking without shoes on
• Not putting on socks when wearing shoes
• Standing or walking for a very long time
• Changes in biomechanics, such as hammertoes or birth deformities

What are the symptoms of calluses & corns?

Symptoms of calluses and corns can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some of the most common symptoms include:

• Hard, thickened skin
• Pain or tenderness when pressure is applied
• A sensation of having a pebble in your shoe
• Redness or inflammation around the corn or callus

How are calluses & corns diagnosed?

Calluses and corns are diagnosed with a physical examination. Dr. Hassan will look for thickened areas of skin on your feet. He will also ask about your symptoms and medical history. If Dr. Hassan suspects you have a more severe condition, he may order additional tests.

How are calluses & corns treated?

Most calluses and corns can be treated at home with over-the-counter (OTC) treatments. However, if you have diabetes or poor blood circulation, it’s important to see Dr. Hassan for treatment. OTC treatments for calluses and corns include:

• Salicylic acid: This medication helps to break down the callus or corn. It’s available as a cream, gel, pad, or liquid.
• Pumice stone: This can be used to help remove dead skin from the callus or corn.
• Medicated pads: These contain salicylic acid or other medications. They can help to break down the callus or corn.
• Callus or corn shavers: These devices can be used to remove dead skin from the callus or corn.

If home treatment doesn’t work, Dr. Hassan may recommend other treatments, such as:

• Curettage: This is a procedure where the callus or corn is removed with a sharp instrument.
• Radiation therapy: This treatment uses X-rays to kill the cells that are causing the callus or corn.
•  Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove the callus or corn.

Can calluses & corns be prevented?

There are several things you can do to prevent calluses and corns, including:

• Wearing shoes that fit properly
• Using pads or cushions to protect areas of friction
• Avoiding high heels
• Stretching your feet regularly
• Keeping your feet clean and dry
• If you have diabetes, it’s essential to check your feet regularly